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International Journal for Quality in Health Care 2009 21(6):433-440; doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzp042
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press in association with the International Society for Quality in Health Care; all rights reserved

Determination of health-care teamwork training competencies: a Delphi study

Robyn Clay-Williams and Jeffrey Braithwaite

Centre for Clinical Governance Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia

Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum content of a 1-day classroom-based crew resource management (CRM) course for health-care personnel working in ad hoc teams in complex, time-critical hospital departments such as surgery, intensive care or emergency.

Design. A two-round modified Delphi panel. Participants selected teamwork competency components suitable for inclusion in 1 day of training from a list developed via literature review.

Participants. Fifteen experts in health care, CRM and training.

Main Outcome Measure. Knowledge, skill and attitude competency components for a 1-day CRM course.

Results. Of the 110 knowledge, skill and attitude CRM competency components, 40 components were selected by greater than 70% of respondents, whereas the remaining 62 components were selected by fewer than 55% of respondents. These 40 competency components ranged across five competency domains: communication, task management, situational awareness, decision-making and leadership, and provided a consensus on the most critical areas for inclusion in training for health-care personnel.

Conclusions. This new competency model is now available for use. Although the sample size was limited, a high degree of consensus was reached after only two rounds. A modified Delphi technique within the context of competencies first refined from the literature was a useful and cost-effective method for determining the content of a 1-day CRM training course for health-care workers.

Keywords: crew resource management, teamwork, competency-based education, needs assessment

Address reprint requests to: Robyn Clay-Williams, Centre for Clinical Governance Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Tel: +61 421 582 638; Fax: +61 2 9663 4926; E-mail: r.clay-williams{at}student.unsw.edu.au

Accepted for publication September 13, 2009.


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